Science Calculators

Calculate voltage, current, resistance, or power from any two known electrical values — supports all 6 input combinations and SI prefixes (kΩ, mA, μW). Free online Ohm's Law calculator.

Calculate total resistance for resistors in series, parallel, and mixed series-parallel combinations. Add unlimited resistors, supports SI prefixes (kΩ, MΩ, mΩ) and real-time results. Free online resistors in series and parallel calculator.

Solve for speed, distance, or time from any two known values — 6 speed units, 7 distance units, 5 time units, cross-unit conversions, and human-readable time output. Free online speed distance time calculator.

Calculate pendulum period from length and gravity, or find the required length for a target period. Supports 10 planetary gravity presets, 5 length units, frequency, angular frequency, and planet comparison table. Free online pendulum period calculator.

Calculate the gravitational force between any two masses using Newton's law of universal gravitation (F = G × m₁ × m₂ / r²). Supports kg, solar masses, Earth masses, AU, and light-years with scientific notation. Free online gravitational force calculator.

Calculate range, maximum height, time of flight, and impact velocity for any projectile — enter initial velocity, launch angle, and optional initial height. Live trajectory graph and full formula reference. Free online projectile motion calculator.

Solve any SUVAT kinematics problem — enter any 3 of the 5 variables (displacement, initial velocity, final velocity, acceleration, time) and the calculator solves for the rest using constant-acceleration equations. Free online kinematics calculator.

Solve the thin lens equation and mirror equation for image distance, object distance, or focal length. Supports converging/diverging lenses and concave/convex mirrors. Computes magnification and classifies images as real/virtual, upright/inverted. Free online optics calculator.

Calculate buoyant force from object volume and fluid density using Archimedes’ principle (F = ρVg). Includes fluid and gravity presets, plus float/sink analysis with object mass. Free online buoyancy calculator.

Calculate the angle of refraction from the angle of incidence and refractive indices using Snell's law, or solve in reverse. Finds the critical angle, detects total internal reflection, and shows the speed of light in each medium with a live ray diagram and 10 optical medium presets. Free online refraction calculator.

Solve F = ma for force, mass, or acceleration from any two known values — supports Newtons, kilonewtons, pound-force, dynes, kilograms, slugs, m/s², ft/s², and g-force with a full unit conversion table. Free online Newton's Second Law calculator.

Calculate observed frequency, frequency shift, and wavelength change from source frequency, source velocity, observer velocity, and propagation medium. Blueshift/redshift classification and wave visualisation included. Free online Doppler effect calculator.

Solve v = fλ for wave speed, frequency, or wavelength — derives period, photon energy (E = hf), angular frequency, wave number, and EM spectrum band. Supports Hz–THz, nm–km, and m/s–c. Free online wave properties calculator.

Solve Q = CV and E = ½CV² for charge, energy, capacitance, or voltage from any two known values — supports farads to picofarads, volts to megavolts, and joules to watt-hours with a full SI breakdown. Free online capacitor charge energy calculator.

Solve P = F ÷ A for pressure, force, or area from any two known values — supports Pa, kPa, MPa, bar, psi, atm, mmHg, Torr for pressure, plus newtons, pound-force, and 5 area units with a full conversion table. Free online pressure force area calculator.